Visiting the local feed store can be confusing, especially if you’re new to raising chickens. The shelves are full of colorful bags with labels like “mash,” “grower feed,” “medicated,” “unmedicated,” and “fermented.” How do you figure out what to feed chicks by age? Our simple chicken feeding guide is here to help. We’ll explain what each term means and show you what to feed chicks by age. Baby chicks need special nutrients to grow into healthy, egg-laying hens. The right mix of nutrients helps them grow well, stay active, and stay happy. Start from different types of poultry feeds for different age of chicks.
kinds of poultry feeds
Different kinds of poultry feeds exist because chickens have varying nutritional needs at different stages of their lives and for different purposes. Some kinds of poultry feeds like starter feed, grower feed, layer chicken feed, mesh crumble, Pellets etc. Chicken feed comes in different types and varieties, designed to suit the needs of chickens at every stage of their lives. Here is a guide to the most common types, their uses, and benefits:
Starter feed
Chick starter feed is specially formulated to meet the unique nutritional needs of baby chicks during their first six weeks of life. Like the dietary distinctions seen in other young animals, such as kittens and puppies, chicks require a diet tailored to their growth stage. Chick starter is high in protein, providing the essential building blocks for rapid growth and development, while keeping calcium levels low, as chicks are not yet producing eggs and do not require the extra calcium for eggshell formation. This balanced approach ensures that chicks grow strong and healthy, laying the foundation for their later dietary transitions.
Grower feed
Grower feed for pullets plays a vital role in supporting the development of young chickens between 6 to 20 weeks old, bridging the nutritional gap between chick starter and layer feed. During this phase, pullets require a diet that is rich in protein—typically between 16-18%—to sustain their growth, while containing less calcium than layer feed to prevent strain on their developing bodies. Think of it as a specially tailored diet for teenage chickens, ensuring they receive the right nutrients without overloading them with unnecessary vitamins and minerals meant for mature laying hens. Transitioning to layer feed should only occur once your pullets start laying eggs, signaling their readiness for the dietary needs of egg production.
Layer Chicken Feed
Layer feed is the cornerstone of a mature flock’s diet, providing the perfect balance of protein, calcium, and essential vitamins to support peak egg-laying performance. With a protein content of 16-18%, similar to grower feed, layer feed distinguishes itself by offering extra calcium, which is crucial for producing strong, crisp eggshells. However, feeding layer feed to baby chicks or young pullets is not advisable, as it does not cater to their unique nutritional needs during early development. This specialized feed should only be introduced once chickens reach around 20 weeks of age or begin laying eggs, ensuring they thrive during their egg-producing phase.
Mash
Mash is the most finely textured variety of chicken feed, resembling potting soil in appearance, and is typically used for baby chickens due to its ease of digestion. While it is especially suited for chicks, mature chickens can also enjoy mash, often enhanced by mixing it with hot water to create a warm, porridge-like treat. However, this preparation method can accelerate spoilage, so it’s important to serve it fresh. Despite its versatility, one common drawback of mash is its loose texture, which can lead to increased incidental waste. Keep this in mind when choosing the right feed for your flock.
Crumble
Crumble is a type of chicken feed that’s in between mash and pellets. It’s coarser than mash but not as hard as pellets, and its texture is a bit like oatmeal. Many people find it easier to handle than mash, and some say their chickens simply like it better. Crumble can also be a good option if you’re transitioning your chickens from mash to pellets. In the end, whether you use mash, crumble, or pellets, your chickens will still get the nutrition they need.
Pellets
Pellets are one of the most popular types of chicken feed. As the name suggests, they are small, compact cylinders packed with nutrients. One big advantage of pellets is that they hold their shape well, so there’s less waste if your chickens tip over the feeder. Pellets are also easy to handle, store, and serve, which is why they’re a favorite choice for many backyard chicken keepers.
Shell Grit
Shell grit is an essential part of your chickens’ diet, but many first-time poultry keepers might not realize its importance. It serves two main purposes. First, shell grit is a great source of calcium, helping chickens produce eggs with strong, sturdy shells. Without enough shell grit, hens may lay weak or oddly shaped eggs, which can be discouraging for even the most enthusiastic chicken keepers. Second, shell grit is stored in the chicken’s gizzard, where it helps grind up their food, making digestion much easier.
All mature chickens need shell grit in their diet. It should be offered in a separate dish from their regular feed so your flock can regulate their calcium intake naturally—they’ll eat as much as they need.
A lack of shell grit can lead to health problems like Sour Crop, a common but serious issue for chickens. To keep your flock in top shape, it’s important to stay informed and proactive about their health.
Chicken scratch
Chicken scratch is not the same as regular chicken feed. It’s more like a special treat for your chickens. Most chicken scratch is made of cracked corn and other grains that chickens love to eat, but they aren’t very good for their waistlines. Scratch is a great source of energy and can help keep your chickens warm on cold nights. However, it’s important to remember that chicken scratch should not be the main part of their diet. It’s a fun treat to give your flock every now and then.
Faqs of Type of chicken feeds
How long do you feed starter feed to chicks?
Starter feed is typically given to chicks for the first 6 to 8 weeks of their life. This feed is specially formulated to meet their high nutritional needs during the early stages of growth.
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How long to feed chickens grower feed?
Grower feed is usually fed to chickens from 6 weeks to 20 weeks of age. This helps support their growth while providing the necessary nutrients for healthy development before they start laying eggs.
What to feed chickens after starter feed?
After starter feed, chickens should be fed grower feed until they are about 18-20 weeks old, or until they start laying eggs. Grower feed has the right balance of protein and nutrients for their continued growth.
How often should you feed chicks?
Chicks should be fed at least twice a day, with access to food at all times. They should also have access to clean water throughout the day to support healthy growth and hydration.
When can chicks start eating layer feed?
Chicks can start eating layer feed once they reach about 20 weeks of age or when they begin to lay eggs. Layer feed contains higher levels of calcium to support the formation of strong eggshells.
How long do chickens need starter feed?
Chickens need starter feed for the first 6 to 8 weeks of their life. It provides essential nutrients for healthy growth and the development of strong bones and feathers.
When to take chicks off starter feed?
Chicks should be transitioned off starter feed at 6 to 8 weeks of age. At this point, they are ready for grower feed, which supports their development as they approach maturity.
How often feed chickens?
Adult chickens should be fed once or twice a day, with access to food throughout the day. It’s important to provide a balanced diet and fresh water to keep them healthy and productive.